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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Acetazolamide

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Acetazolamide, Diamox, Acetazolamide Sodium.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
6
Pathogens at ≥40%
1 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Acetazolamide
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Altitude sickness
  • Angle-closure glaucoma
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Edema
  • Epilepsy
  • Glaucoma
  • Heart failure
  • Seizure

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for this infection.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA14.2% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli17.8% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae10.4% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis85.2% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

  • M. tuberculosis: measured active in 6 of 6 lab records
Open Acetazolamide in ChEMBL Registered studies below
Show the 6 laboratory records, with sources

Loading records…

“Active” means the measured value reached this project’s laboratory cutoff (10 µM or stronger). A laboratory result does not show an effect in patients.

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-5.8 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-6.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-6.3 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-5.8 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Acetazolamide with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Augmenting Cerebral Blood Flow to Treat Established Multiple Sclerosis

    NCT02466074 · start 2016-08-17

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02466074
    Conditions
    Multiple Sclerosis
    Interventions
    Acetazolamide; Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2016-08-17
    Completion
    2022-02-07
    Enrolment
    5

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionMultiple Sclerosis
    InterventionAcetazolamide; Placebo
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusTerminated

  • A Single-center Pilot Study Evaluating the Immediate Effects of Low-dose Acetazolamide on Respiratory Control in Subjects With Treatment Emergent Sleep Disordered Breathing

    NCT02670096 · start 2016-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02670096
    Conditions
    Sleep Apnea
    Interventions
    Acetazolamide
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2016-01
    Completion
    2017-03
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSleep Apnea
    InterventionAcetazolamide
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • Stop Retinal Ganglion Cell Dysfunction Study

    NCT02390284 · start 2015-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02390284
    Conditions
    Glaucoma
    Interventions
    Latanoprost; Bimatoprost; Travoprost; Timolol; Dorzolamide; Brinzolamide; Acetazolamide; Methazolamide
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2015-09
    Completion
    2024-10-04
    Enrolment
    28

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionGlaucoma
    InterventionLatanoprost; Bimatoprost; Travoprost; Timolol +4 more
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusTerminated

  • Intravitreal Ranibizumab (Lucentis®) in the Treatment of Non-leaking Macular Cysts in Retinal Dystrophy

    NCT03763227 · start 2015-07-24

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03763227
    Conditions
    Retinal Dystrophies
    Interventions
    Intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injection; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (CAI) therapy
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2015-07-24
    Completion
    2019-08-29
    Enrolment
    13

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionRetinal Dystrophies
    InterventionIntravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injection; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (CAI) therapy
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Histamine Glutamate Antagonism in Stroke

    NCT02142712 · start 2014-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02142712
    Conditions
    Acute Cerebrovascular Accident; Cerebral Edema
    Interventions
    Diphenhydramine; Pantoprazole; Famotidine; Dextromethorphan
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2014-12
    Completion
    2014-12
    Enrolment
    3

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAcute Cerebrovascular Accident; Cerebral Edema
    InterventionDiphenhydramine; Pantoprazole; Famotidine; Dextromethorphan
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Short Term Open, Randomized Cross-over Trial Exploring the Effect of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition by Acetazolamide on Sleep Apnea Associated Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction

    NCT02220803 · start 2014-03

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02220803
    Conditions
    Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Sleep-Disordered Breathing; Blood Pressure; Hypertension
    Interventions
    Acetazolamide; nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (nCPAP)
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2014-03
    Completion
    2016-08
    Enrolment
    13

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionObstructive Sleep Apnea; Sleep-Disordered Breathing; Blood Pressure; Hypertension
    InterventionAcetazolamide; nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (nCPAP)
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Study of Cobalt's Role in Excessive Erythrocytosis Among High Altitude Dwellers in Cerro de Pasco, Peru

    NCT01187108 · start 2013-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01187108
    Conditions
    Erythrocytosis; Mountain Sickness
    Interventions
    N-acetylcysteine; Acetazolamide; Placebo pills
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1 / Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2013-06
    Completion
    2013-09
    Enrolment
    85

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionErythrocytosis; Mountain Sickness
    InterventionN-acetylcysteine; Acetazolamide; Placebo pills
    PhasePhase 1 / Phase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Acetazolamide's Headache Inducing Characteristics and Effects on the Cerebral Arteries and Blood Flow

    NCT01750723 · start 2012-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01750723
    Conditions
    Headache; Migraine
    Interventions
    Acetazolamide
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2012-12
    Completion
    2013-04
    Enrolment
    12

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHeadache; Migraine
    InterventionAcetazolamide
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Effect of Acetazolamide & Position in CSF Leakage and Collection and Wound Dehiscence

    NCT01867268 · start 2012-10

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01867268
    Conditions
    Fibrolipoma of Filum Terminale; Lipomyelomeningocele; Split Cord Malformation; Dermal Sinus; Tethered Cord Syndrome; Tumor
    Interventions
    Acetazolamide; prone positioning; Acetazolamide+ prone positioning
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2012-10
    Completion
    2015-09
    Enrolment
    144

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionFibrolipoma of Filum Terminale; Lipomyelomeningocele; Split Cord Malformation; Dermal Sinus +2 more
    InterventionAcetazolamide; prone positioning; Acetazolamide+ prone positioning
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Comparison of Temazepam and Acetazolamide to Treat Difficulty Sleeping at High Altitude

    NCT01519544 · start 2012-03

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01519544
    Conditions
    High-altitude Sleep Disturbance
    Interventions
    Temazepam; Acetazolamide
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2012-03
    Completion
    2015-03
    Enrolment
    34

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHigh-altitude Sleep Disturbance
    InterventionTemazepam; Acetazolamide
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Intracranial Pressure in Experimental Models of Headache

    NCT01288781 · start 2011-07

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01288781
    Conditions
    High Altitude Headache
    Interventions
    Acetazolamide; Lactose monohydrate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2011-07
    Completion
    2011-08
    Enrolment
    23

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHigh Altitude Headache
    InterventionAcetazolamide; Lactose monohydrate
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • COSOPT-S® Treatment Versus Acetazolamide Before Trabeculectomy

    NCT01228149 · start 2010-08

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01228149
    Conditions
    Glaucoma
    Interventions
    Trabeculectomy with preoperative Diamox/DexaEDO treatment; Trabeculectomy with preoperative Cosopt S treatment
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2010-08
    Completion
    2014-04
    Enrolment
    62

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionGlaucoma
    InterventionTrabeculectomy with preoperative Diamox/DexaEDO treatment; Trabeculectomy with preoperative Cosopt S treatment
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Effect of Acetazolamide and Furosemide on Obesity-induced Glomerular Hyperfiltration

    NCT01146288 · start 2010-07

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01146288
    Conditions
    Obesity-induced Hyperfiltration
    Interventions
    Furosemide first, then Acetazolamide; Acetazolamide first, then Furosemide
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2010-07
    Completion
    2014-05
    Enrolment
    13

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionObesity-induced Hyperfiltration
    InterventionFurosemide first, then Acetazolamide; Acetazolamide first, then Furosemide
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Determinants of Cognitive Impairment After Acute Coronary Syndrome

    NCT00982176 · start 2009-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00982176
    Conditions
    Coronary Syndrome
    Interventions
    Brain MRI and cerebral perfusion scintigraphy
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2009-09
    Completion
    2013-05
    Enrolment
    49

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCoronary Syndrome
    InterventionBrain MRI and cerebral perfusion scintigraphy
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Comparing Eye Pressure Using Maximal Tolerated Local Therapy or Systemic Acetazolamide

    NCT01274039 · start 2009-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01274039
    Conditions
    Control of Elevated Eye Pressure by Local and Systemic Therapy
    Interventions
    Acetazolamide for glaucoma patients to lower eye pressure
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2009-02
    Completion
    2012-02
    Enrolment
    Not recorded

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionControl of Elevated Eye Pressure by Local and Systemic Therapy
    InterventionAcetazolamide for glaucoma patients to lower eye pressure
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted