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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Primaquine Phosphate

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Primaquine, Primaquine Phosphate.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
1
Pathogens at ≥40%
1 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Primaquine Phosphate
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Malaria

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels.

WHO therapeutic group
Aminoquinolines
Anti-infective classification
Classified as another kind of anti-infective (for example an antifungal, antiviral or antiparasitic medicine).WHO ATC P01BA03

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for this infection.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA38.9% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli26.3% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae17.8% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis59.4% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

  • M. tuberculosis: measured active in 0 of 1 lab record
Open Primaquine Phosphate in ChEMBL Registered studies below
Show the 1 laboratory record, with sources

Loading records…

“Active” means the measured value reached this project’s laboratory cutoff (10 µM or stronger). A laboratory result does not show an effect in patients.

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-6.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-6.3 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-5.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-7.2 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Primaquine Phosphate with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Pharmacokinetic Study of Primaquine and Chloroquine in Healthy Subjects

    NCT01218932 · start 2010-10

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01218932
    Conditions
    Vivax Malaria
    Interventions
    A; B
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2010-10
    Completion
    2012-03
    Enrolment
    16

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionVivax Malaria
    InterventionA; B
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Incidence of Vivax Along the Thai Burma Border

    NCT01076868 · start 2010-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01076868
    Conditions
    Vivax Malaria
    Interventions
    Primaquine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2010-02
    Completion
    2014-09-02
    Enrolment
    403

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionVivax Malaria
    InterventionPrimaquine
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Effectiveness of Malaria Treatment in Mexico

    NCT02394197 · start 2008-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02394197
    Conditions
    Malaria
    Interventions
    Chloroquine phosphate; primaquine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2008-02
    Completion
    2010-09
    Enrolment
    153

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionMalaria
    InterventionChloroquine phosphate; primaquine
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Safety and Efficacy of Pyronaridine Artesunate Vs Chloroquine in Children and Adult Patients With Acute Vivax Malaria

    NCT04368910 · start 2007-09-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04368910
    Conditions
    Malaria
    Interventions
    Pyronaridine - artesunate; Chloroquine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2007-09-06
    Completion
    2010-11-15
    Enrolment
    30

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionMalaria
    InterventionPyronaridine - artesunate; Chloroquine
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusTerminated

  • Efficacy of Artesunate-Mefloquine Combination Therapy in Trat Province, Thailand

    NCT01659281 · start 2007-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01659281
    Conditions
    Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria
    Interventions
    Artesunate; Artesunate; Mefloquine; Mefloquine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2007-09
    Completion
    2012-05
    Enrolment
    13

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPlasmodium Falciparum Malaria
    InterventionArtesunate; Artesunate; Mefloquine; Mefloquine
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted