Skip to content
AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Ciprofloxacin

FDA-approved product (injectable, injection), marketed as Cipro, Cipro In Dextrose 5% In Plastic Container, Cipro In Sodium Chloride 0.9% In Plastic Container and 8 more.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
592
Pathogens at ≥40%
4 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Ciprofloxacin
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Bacterial disease
  • Chronic bronchitis
  • Cystitis
  • Eye infection
  • Gonorrhea
  • Infection
  • Otitis externa
  • Prostatitis
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Sinusitis
  • Typhoid fever
  • Urinary tract infection

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Fluoroquinolones; Antiinfectives
Anti-infective classification
Classified as an existing antimicrobial.WHO ATC J01MA02; WHO ATC S01AE03

Repurposing investigation

Ciprofloxacin is already an antimicrobial, so it is not counted among the repurposing candidates. Its AI-predicted activity is shown below for reference.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA>99% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.
  • E. coli>99% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.
  • K. pneumoniae>99% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.
  • M. tuberculosis92.8% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

  • MRSA: measured active in 118 of 130 lab records
  • E. coli: measured active in 134 of 137 lab records
  • K. pneumoniae: measured active in 264 of 294 lab records
  • M. tuberculosis: measured active in 29 of 31 lab records
Open Ciprofloxacin in ChEMBL Registered studies below
Show the latest 150 of 592 laboratory records, with sources

Loading records…

Every record is in ChEMBL, linked above. “Active” means the measured value reached this project’s laboratory cutoff (10 µM or stronger). A laboratory result does not show an effect in patients.

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-7.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-8.3 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-7.1 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-8.4 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Ciprofloxacin with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Pharmacokinetics of Intraperitoneal and Intravenous Meropenem, Ampicillin, Aztreonam and Ciprofloxacin in Automated Peritoneal Dialysis Patients Without Peritonitis

    NCT07113587 · start 2014-04-08

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07113587
    Conditions
    Peritoneal Dialysis-associated Peritonitis; Peritoneal Dialysis (PD); Pharmacokinetics; Intravenous Administration; Intravenous; Meropenem; Intraperitoneal; Ampicillin; Aztreonam; Ciprofloxacin; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
    Interventions
    Application of intraperitoneal and intravenous meropenem in in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis; Application of intraperitoneal and intravenous ampicillin in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis; Application of intraperitoneal and intravenous aztreonam in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis; Application of intraperitoneal and intravenous ciprofloxacin in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2 / Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2014-04-08
    Completion
    2017-07-07
    Enrolment
    24

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPeritoneal Dialysis-associated Peritonitis; Peritoneal Dialysis (PD); Pharmacokinetics; Intravenous Administration +7 more
    InterventionApplication of intraperitoneal and intravenous meropenem in in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis; Application of intraperitoneal and intravenous ampicillin in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis; Application of intraperitoneal and intravenous aztreonam in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis; Application of intraperitoneal and intravenous ciprofloxacin in automated peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis
    PhasePhase 2 / Phase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • The Effects of Antibiotic Combinations on Stem Cells

    NCT04713436 · start 2014-01-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04713436
    Conditions
    Stem Cells; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Interventions
    Differentiation Markers
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2014-01-01
    Completion
    2017-02-01
    Enrolment
    3

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionStem Cells; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    InterventionDifferentiation Markers
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Rifaximin for the Secondary Prevention of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Recurrence in Cirrhotic Patients

    NCT02011841 · start 2014-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02011841
    Conditions
    Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
    Interventions
    Rifaximin; Ciprofloxacin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2014-01
    Completion
    2015-12
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSpontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
    InterventionRifaximin; Ciprofloxacin
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • OTO-201 for the Treatment of Middle Ear Effusion in Pediatric Subjects Requiring Tympanostomy Tube Placement

    NCT01949142 · start 2013-11

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01949142
    Conditions
    Otitis Media With Effusion
    Interventions
    OTO-201; Sham
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2013-11
    Completion
    2014-06
    Enrolment
    266

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionOtitis Media With Effusion
    InterventionOTO-201; Sham
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Transurethral Ultrasonic Imaging For Detection and Classification of Prostate Cancer

    NCT02307552 · start 2013-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02307552
    Conditions
    Prostate Cancer
    Interventions
    UreScan
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2013-06
    Completion
    2014-05
    Enrolment
    1

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionProstate Cancer
    InterventionUreScan
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusTerminated

  • Experimental Human Infection With Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (LptA Trial)

    NCT04870138 · start 2013-03-10

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04870138
    Conditions
    Gonococcal Infection
    Interventions
    Azithromycin; Ceftriaxone; Ciprofloxacin; Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain FA1090 A26; Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain FA7527
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2013-03-10
    Completion
    2015-04-28
    Enrolment
    16

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionGonococcal Infection
    InterventionAzithromycin; Ceftriaxone; Ciprofloxacin; Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain FA1090 A26 +1 more
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Impact of Formulation on Ciprofloxacin Oral Absorption

    NCT00992329 · start 2013-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00992329
    Conditions
    Healthy
    Interventions
    ciprofloxacin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2013-01
    Completion
    2013-11
    Enrolment
    16

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy
    Interventionciprofloxacin
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Ceftazidime-Avibactam Compared With Doripenem Followed by Oral Therapy for Hospitalized Adults With Complicated UTIs (Urinary Tract Infections)

    NCT01595438 · start 2012-10

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01595438
    Conditions
    Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (cUTI) Including Acute Pyelonephritis
    Interventions
    Ceftazidime - Avibactam ( CAZ-AVI); Doripenem; Either switch to oral therapy: 500 mg of Ciprofloxacin (oral); or switch to oral therapy: 800 mg/160 mg of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (oral)
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2012-10
    Completion
    2014-08
    Enrolment
    598

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionComplicated Urinary Tract Infection (cUTI) Including Acute Pyelonephritis
    InterventionCeftazidime - Avibactam ( CAZ-AVI); Doripenem; Either switch to oral therapy: 500 mg of Ciprofloxacin (oral); or switch to oral therapy: 800 mg/160 mg of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (oral)
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Comparative Study Between Two Formulations of the Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride + Hydrocortisone Otic Suspension

    NCT00980876 · start 2012-04

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00980876
    Conditions
    Otitis Externa
    Interventions
    Cipro HC; Ciprofloxacin HCl and Hydrocortisone
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2012-04
    Completion
    2015-01
    Enrolment
    224

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionOtitis Externa
    InterventionCipro HC; Ciprofloxacin HCl and Hydrocortisone
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Rechallenge, Potential Drug Induced Liver Injury (Kaiser)

    NCT01584765 · start 2012-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01584765
    Conditions
    Drug-induced Liver Injury
    Interventions
    Prescription drugs with known hepatotoxicity
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2012-02
    Completion
    2013-04
    Enrolment
    1

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDrug-induced Liver Injury
    InterventionPrescription drugs with known hepatotoxicity
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Safety and Tolerability Study of Doripenem Compared With Cefepime in Hospitalized Children With Bacterial Pneumonia

    NCT01110421 · start 2010-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01110421
    Conditions
    Pneumonia, Bacterial; Community-Acquired Infections; Nosocomial Infection; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated
    Interventions
    Cefepime placebo; Cefepime; Doripenem; Doripenem placebo; Amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2010-12
    Completion
    2012-03
    Enrolment
    7

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPneumonia, Bacterial; Community-Acquired Infections; Nosocomial Infection; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated
    InterventionCefepime placebo; Cefepime; Doripenem; Doripenem placebo +1 more
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusTerminated

  • Diverticulitis: Antibiotics or Close Observation?

    NCT01111253 · start 2010-05

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01111253
    Conditions
    Diverticulitis
    Interventions
    Amoxicillin-clavulanate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2010-05
    Completion
    2014-10
    Enrolment
    533

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDiverticulitis
    InterventionAmoxicillin-clavulanate
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Study to Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Ciprofloxacin in Patients With Mild to Moderate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

    NCT01052298 · start 2009-04

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01052298
    Conditions
    Disease, Pulmonary
    Interventions
    Ciprofloxacin (Cipro inhale, BAYQ3939); Ciprofloxacin (Cipro inhale, BAYQ3939); Ciprofloxacin (Cipro inhale, BAYQ3939); Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2009-04
    Completion
    2009-09
    Enrolment
    25

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDisease, Pulmonary
    InterventionCiprofloxacin (Cipro inhale, BAYQ3939); Ciprofloxacin (Cipro inhale, BAYQ3939); Ciprofloxacin (Cipro inhale, BAYQ3939); Placebo
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Safety and Immunogenicity of Peru-15-pCTB in Healthy Adult Subjects

    NCT00654108 · start 2008-06-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00654108
    Conditions
    Gastroenteritis Escherichia Coli
    Interventions
    Ciprofloxacin; Peru-15-pCTB; Sodium bicarbonate/Ascorbic Acid/Aspartame Buffer
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2008-06-02
    Completion
    2010-12-31
    Enrolment
    62

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionGastroenteritis Escherichia Coli
    InterventionCiprofloxacin; Peru-15-pCTB; Sodium bicarbonate/Ascorbic Acid/Aspartame Buffer
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Transtympanic Ringer's Lactate for the Prevention of Cisplatin Ototoxicity

    NCT01108601 · start 2008-04

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01108601
    Conditions
    Hearing Loss
    Interventions
    Ringer's Lactate (0.03% Ciprofloxacin)
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1 / Phase 2
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2008-04
    Completion
    Not recorded
    Enrolment
    20

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHearing Loss
    InterventionRinger's Lactate (0.03% Ciprofloxacin)
    PhasePhase 1 / Phase 2
    Registry statusUnknown