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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Flumazenil

FDA-approved product (injectable, injection), marketed as Flumazenil, Romazicon.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
0
Pathogens at ≥40%
3 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Flumazenil
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

No approved indication recorded

ChEMBL records no approved indication for Flumazenil. Its therapeutic class is shown instead.

WHO therapeutic group
Antidotes
FDA pharmacologic class
Benzodiazepine Antagonist FDA label ↗
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against MRSA, E. coli and M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for these infections.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA47.4% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli43.6% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae27.9% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis60.2% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

No evidence found

No laboratory measurement against the four pathogens in the ChEMBL records loaded here.

Open Flumazenil in ChEMBL Registered studies below

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-7.0 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-7.3 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-7.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-6.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Flumazenil with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Effect of Remimazolam Versus Propofol Total Intravenous Anesthesia on Intraoperative Hemodynamic Stability in Patients Undergoing Thoracic or Abdominal Endovascular Aortic Repair

    NCT07806006 · start 2026-09-15

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07806006
    Conditions
    Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracoabdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Intraoperative Hypotension; Hemodynamic Instability During Anesthesia
    Interventions
    Remimazolam Besylate; propofol
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-09-15
    Completion
    2027-10-30
    Enrolment
    44

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAortic Aneurysm, Thoracoabdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Intraoperative Hypotension; Hemodynamic Instability During Anesthesia
    InterventionRemimazolam Besylate; propofol
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Cardiologist-Administered Midazolam vs. Anaesthesiologist-Assisted Propofol Sedation For Transoesophageal Echocardiography-Guided Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation

    NCT07571447 · start 2026-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07571447
    Conditions
    Atrial Fibrillation (AF); Atrial Flutter
    Interventions
    One-step cardiologist-only midazolam sedation; Two-step anaesthesiologist-assisted propofol sedation
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-09
    Completion
    2027-09
    Enrolment
    220

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAtrial Fibrillation (AF); Atrial Flutter
    InterventionOne-step cardiologist-only midazolam sedation; Two-step anaesthesiologist-assisted propofol sedation
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Remimazolam Versus Propofol for Maintenance of Anaesthesia During Major Hepatectomy Under Low Central Venous Pressure

    NCT07789275 · start 2026-08

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07789275
    Conditions
    Intraoperative Hypotension; Hepatectomy
    Interventions
    Remimazolam; Propofol
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-08
    Completion
    2027-08
    Enrolment
    224

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionIntraoperative Hypotension; Hepatectomy
    InterventionRemimazolam; Propofol
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Remimazolam-Flumazenil Versus Sevoflurane for Hysteroscopic Day Surgery

    NCT07663877 · start 2026-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07663877
    Conditions
    Hysteroscopy; Ambulatory Surgery; General Anesthesia
    Interventions
    Remimazolam; Flumazenil; Sevoflurane; propofol
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-06
    Completion
    2028-06
    Enrolment
    124

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHysteroscopy; Ambulatory Surgery; General Anesthesia
    InterventionRemimazolam; Flumazenil; Sevoflurane; propofol
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Remimazolam TIVA-Flumazenil Antagonism in Short-duration ENT Surgeries

    NCT07389798 · start 2026-03-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07389798
    Conditions
    Remimazolam; Total Intravenous Anesthesia; Bispectral Index
    Interventions
    Not recorded
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2026-03-09
    Completion
    2026-04-04
    Enrolment
    511

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionRemimazolam; Total Intravenous Anesthesia; Bispectral Index
    InterventionNot recorded
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Flumazenil for Benzodiazepine Reversal in Electroconvulsive Therapy

    NCT07619092 · start 2026-01-15

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07619092
    Conditions
    Depression - Major Depressive Disorder; Bipolar Disorder (BD); Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI); Cognition; Autobiographical Memory; Electroconvulsive Therapy; ECT; Treatment Outcome; Inpatients
    Interventions
    Flumazenil; Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2026-01-15
    Completion
    2028-08
    Enrolment
    145

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDepression - Major Depressive Disorder; Bipolar Disorder (BD); Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI); Cognition +5 more
    InterventionFlumazenil; Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Comparison of Emergence Agitation Between Remimazolam With Flumazenil and Propofol-based Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Nasal Surgery

    NCT07265050 · start 2026-01-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07265050
    Conditions
    Emergence Agitation
    Interventions
    Remimazolam with Flumazenil; Propofol
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-01-01
    Completion
    2027-12-31
    Enrolment
    204

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionEmergence Agitation
    InterventionRemimazolam with Flumazenil; Propofol
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Effects of Music During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Under Conscious Sedation

    NCT06953752 · start 2025-07-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT06953752
    Conditions
    Atrial Fibrillation (AF); Catheter Ablation; Pain Management
    Interventions
    Music intervention; Control
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2025-07-06
    Completion
    2026-12-30
    Enrolment
    120

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAtrial Fibrillation (AF); Catheter Ablation; Pain Management
    InterventionMusic intervention; Control
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Effect of Remazolam on Anesthesia Recovery in Patients Undergoing Fundus Surgery

    NCT06205719 · start 2024-06-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT06205719
    Conditions
    Remazolam Anesthesia; Postoperative Recovery
    Interventions
    ciprofol; Remazolam; Flumazenil; Remifentanil
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Early phase 1
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2024-06-01
    Completion
    2026-05-30
    Enrolment
    93

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionRemazolam Anesthesia; Postoperative Recovery
    Interventionciprofol; Remazolam; Flumazenil; Remifentanil
    PhaseEarly phase 1
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Effects of Flumazenil on Recovery After Total Intravenous Anesthesia With Remimazolam

    NCT05939674 · start 2023-09-19

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05939674
    Conditions
    Flumazenil Adverse Reaction; Remimazolam; Hip Joint; Elderly Patients
    Interventions
    Flumazenil; normal saline
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2023-09-19
    Completion
    2026-06
    Enrolment
    24

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionFlumazenil Adverse Reaction; Remimazolam; Hip Joint; Elderly Patients
    InterventionFlumazenil; normal saline
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Finding ED90 of Flumazenil for Selective Improvement of Respiratory Distress by Remimazolam

    NCT06563063 · start 2023-08-23

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT06563063
    Conditions
    Stomach Neoplasm
    Interventions
    Flumazenil
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2023-08-23
    Completion
    2023-12-01
    Enrolment
    60

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionStomach Neoplasm
    InterventionFlumazenil
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Rigid Bronchoscopy Using Remimazolam

    NCT05835713 · start 2023-04

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05835713
    Conditions
    Respiratory Disease; Tracheal Stenosis; Endobronchial Mass
    Interventions
    Remimazolam besylate; Propofol
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2023-04
    Completion
    2024-04
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionRespiratory Disease; Tracheal Stenosis; Endobronchial Mass
    InterventionRemimazolam besylate; Propofol
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • Comparative Study of Recovery Characteristics Between Remimazolam Anesthesia With Flumazenil and Desflurane Anesthesia for Closed Reduction of Nasal Bone Fracture

    NCT05774366 · start 2023-03-22

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05774366
    Conditions
    Anesthesia
    Interventions
    Remimazolam; Desflurane
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2023-03-22
    Completion
    2023-12-31
    Enrolment
    58

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAnesthesia
    InterventionRemimazolam; Desflurane
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Impact of Flumazenil on the Emergence Delirium

    NCT05681377 · start 2023-03-05

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05681377
    Conditions
    Anesthesia, General
    Interventions
    Flumazenil
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2023-03-05
    Completion
    2023-08-11
    Enrolment
    68

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAnesthesia, General
    InterventionFlumazenil
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Comparison of Remimazolam and Propofol on Emergence in Elderly Orthopedic Patients Under General Anesthesia

    NCT06513923 · start 2023-02-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT06513923
    Conditions
    Hip Fracture
    Interventions
    Remimazolam; Flumazenil; Propofol
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2023-02-01
    Completion
    2023-10-31
    Enrolment
    136

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHip Fracture
    InterventionRemimazolam; Flumazenil; Propofol
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted