Skip to content
AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Clozapine

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Clozapine, Clozaril, Fazaclo Odt and 1 more.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
0
Pathogens at ≥40%
3 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Clozapine
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Psychosis
  • Schizoaffective disorder
  • Schizophrenia

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Diazepines, oxazepines, thiazepines and oxepines
FDA pharmacologic class
Atypical Antipsychotic FDA label ↗
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis, MRSA and E. coli. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for these infections.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA42.8% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli48.1% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae19.7% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis63.8% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

No evidence found

No laboratory measurement against the four pathogens in the ChEMBL records loaded here.

Open Clozapine in ChEMBL Registered studies below

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-7.0 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-6.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-7.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-7.6 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Clozapine with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Clozapine/Paliperidone Versus Clozapine/Placebo in Resistant Schizophrenia

    NCT01279213 · start 2009-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01279213
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Psychotic Disorder
    Interventions
    paliperidone clozapine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2009-01
    Completion
    2009-12
    Enrolment
    70

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Psychotic Disorder
    Interventionpaliperidone clozapine
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Benzamide Derivates as Treatment of Clozapine-induced Hypersalivation

    NCT00534573 · start 2008-11

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00534573
    Conditions
    Clozapine-induced Hypersalivation
    Interventions
    Amisulpride, Moclobemide
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2008-11
    Completion
    2009-01
    Enrolment
    54

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionClozapine-induced Hypersalivation
    InterventionAmisulpride, Moclobemide
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • fMRI Cholinergic Mechanisms in Schizophrenia

    NCT01191827 · start 2008-10

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01191827
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    Not recorded
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2008-10
    Completion
    2011-12
    Enrolment
    40

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    InterventionNot recorded
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Pilot Double-blind Sham-controlled Trial of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Patients With Refractory Schizophrenia Treated With Clozapine

    NCT01015001 · start 2008-05

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01015001
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia; Auditory Hallucinations
    Interventions
    Active rTMS x sham (placebo) rTMS; sham rTMS; (1Hz) rTMS applied over the left temporoparietal cortex
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2008-05
    Completion
    2009-12
    Enrolment
    20

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia; Auditory Hallucinations
    InterventionActive rTMS x sham (placebo) rTMS; sham rTMS; (1Hz) rTMS applied over the left temporoparietal cortex
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Demonstrate the Effects of Pramlintide on Weight Reduction in Schizophrenia

    NCT00690235 · start 2007-11

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00690235
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder; Diabetes; Weight Gain
    Interventions
    Pramlintide; Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2007-11
    Completion
    2011-08
    Enrolment
    33

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder; Diabetes; Weight Gain
    InterventionPramlintide; Placebo
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Treatment of Clozapine-Induced Hypersalivation Ipratropium Bromide

    NCT00381589 · start 2006-10

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00381589
    Conditions
    Hypersalivation
    Interventions
    ipratropium bromide 0.03% spray
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2006-10
    Completion
    Not recorded
    Enrolment
    25

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHypersalivation
    Interventionipratropium bromide 0.03% spray
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Augmenting Clozapine With Sertindole - SERCLOZ

    NCT00345982 · start 2006-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00345982
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    Serdolect; placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2006-09
    Completion
    2010-09
    Enrolment
    50

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    InterventionSerdolect; placebo
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Randomized Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Clozapine and Aripiprazole Versus Clozapine and Haloperidol in the Treatment of Schizophrenia

    NCT00395915 · start 2006-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00395915
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    aripiprazole
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2006-09
    Completion
    2009-12
    Enrolment
    106

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    Interventionaripiprazole
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusUnknown

  • First Episode Schizophrenia and Cannabis-Related Disorder Study

    NCT00573287 · start 2006-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00573287
    Conditions
    Cannabis-Related Disorder; Substance-Related Disorders; Schizophrenia; Psychotic Disorders
    Interventions
    clozapine; risperidone
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2006-06
    Completion
    2011-12
    Enrolment
    14

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCannabis-Related Disorder; Substance-Related Disorders; Schizophrenia; Psychotic Disorders
    Interventionclozapine; risperidone
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study of Strategies to Improve Schizophrenia Treatment

    NCT00156637 · start 2005-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00156637
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder
    Interventions
    Team-Based Quality Improvement Intervention; Opinion Leader Intervention; Team Based Quality Improvement
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2005-06
    Completion
    2008-03
    Enrolment
    106

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder
    InterventionTeam-Based Quality Improvement Intervention; Opinion Leader Intervention; Team Based Quality Improvement
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Ziprasidone for Clozapine- or Olanzapine-Associated Diabetes Mellitus

    NCT00351000 · start 2005-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00351000
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    Ziprasidone
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2005-01
    Completion
    2007-03
    Enrolment
    24

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    InterventionZiprasidone
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Risperdal Consta for Bipolar Disorder

    NCT00177164 · start 2003-11

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00177164
    Conditions
    Bipolar I Disorder
    Interventions
    Injectable Risperidone (Consta) or oral antipsychotic
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2003-11
    Completion
    2009-12
    Enrolment
    50

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionBipolar I Disorder
    InterventionInjectable Risperidone (Consta) or oral antipsychotic
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Modafinil (Provigil) Added to Clozapine in Patients With Schizophrenia

    NCT00573417 · start 2003-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00573417
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    modafinil; Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2003-09
    Completion
    2007-11
    Enrolment
    40

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    Interventionmodafinil; Placebo
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Risperidone Augmentation in Patients With Schizophrenia

    NCT00289861 · start 2003-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00289861
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    Risperidone; placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2003-02
    Completion
    2007-03
    Enrolment
    24

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    InterventionRisperidone; placebo
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Evaluation of Clonazepam and Paroxetine for Panic Disorder With Depression

    NCT00031317 · start 2002-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00031317
    Conditions
    Panic Disorder
    Interventions
    Paroxetine; Clozapine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2002-02
    Completion
    2005-06
    Enrolment
    60

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPanic Disorder
    InterventionParoxetine; Clozapine
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted