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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Loxapine

FDA-approved product (powder, inhalation), marketed as Adasuve, Loxitane C, Loxitane Im and 2 more.

Registered studies
37
Lab records
0
Pathogens at ≥40%
2 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Loxapine
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Agitation
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Bipolar I disorder
  • Psychosis
  • Schizophrenia

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Diazepines, oxazepines, thiazepines and oxepines
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against E. coli and M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for these infections.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA39.2% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli44.3% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae23.4% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis58.8% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

37registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. See them below.

Experimental

No evidence found

No laboratory measurement against the four pathogens in the ChEMBL records loaded here.

Open Loxapine in ChEMBL Registered studies below

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-6.6 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-7.1 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-7.8 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-8.1 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Loxapine with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Staccato Loxapine in Migraine (in Clinic)

    NCT00489476 · start 2007-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00489476
    Conditions
    Migraine
    Interventions
    Staccato Loxapine; Staccato Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2007-06
    Completion
    2007-12
    Enrolment
    168

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionMigraine
    InterventionStaccato Loxapine; Staccato Placebo
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Staccato Loxapine in Agitation (Proof of Concept)

    NCT00369577 · start 2006-08

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00369577
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    Inhaled Placebo; Inhaled Loxapine 5 mg; Inhaled Loxapine 10 mg
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2006-08
    Completion
    2007-01
    Enrolment
    129

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    InterventionInhaled Placebo; Inhaled Loxapine 5 mg; Inhaled Loxapine 10 mg
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Loxapine and Weaning From Ventilator

    NCT00122733 · start 2005-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00122733
    Conditions
    Respiratory Insufficiency; Psychomotor Agitation
    Interventions
    loxapine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2005-12
    Completion
    2006-12
    Enrolment
    9

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionRespiratory Insufficiency; Psychomotor Agitation
    Interventionloxapine
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Randomized Double-blind Trial of Midazolam and Loxapine in Agitated Patients

    NCT00290082 · start 2005-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00290082
    Conditions
    Acute Agitated Patients
    Interventions
    loxapine, midazolam; blood sample; patient monitoring; Loxapine; Midazolam
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2005-12
    Completion
    2007-10
    Enrolment
    120

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAcute Agitated Patients
    Interventionloxapine, midazolam; blood sample; patient monitoring; Loxapine +1 more
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusTerminated

  • Staccato Loxapine Single Dose PK

    NCT00444028 · start 2005-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00444028
    Conditions
    Schizophrenia
    Interventions
    inhaled Loxapine 0.625 mg; inhaled Loxapine 1.25 mg; inhaled Loxapine 2.5 mg; inhaled Loxapine 5 mg; inhaled Loxapine 10 mg; inhaled Placebo (0 mg)
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2005-09
    Completion
    2005-11
    Enrolment
    50

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSchizophrenia
    Interventioninhaled Loxapine 0.625 mg; inhaled Loxapine 1.25 mg; inhaled Loxapine 2.5 mg; inhaled Loxapine 5 mg +2 more
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Staccato Prochlorperazine Single Dose PK Study

    NCT00610727 · start 2004-08

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00610727
    Conditions
    Migraine
    Interventions
    Prochlorperazine 0.5 mg IV over 5 sec; Inhaled prochlorperazine 0.625 mg; Inhaled prochlorperazine 1.25 mg; Inhaled prochlorperazine 2.5 mg; Inhaled prochlorperazine 5 mg; Inhaled prochlorperazine 10 mg; Inhaled placebo; Prochlorperazine 10 mg IV over 5 sec
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2004-08
    Completion
    2004-10
    Enrolment
    54

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionMigraine
    InterventionProchlorperazine 0.5 mg IV over 5 sec; Inhaled prochlorperazine 0.625 mg; Inhaled prochlorperazine 1.25 mg; Inhaled prochlorperazine 2.5 mg +4 more
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Fasting Study of Loxapine Succinate Capsules 25 mg and Loxitane® Capsules 25 mg

    NCT00648778 · start 2003-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00648778
    Conditions
    Healthy
    Interventions
    Loxapine Succinate Capsules 25 mg; Loxitane® Capsules 25 mg
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2003-01
    Completion
    2003-02
    Enrolment
    53

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy
    InterventionLoxapine Succinate Capsules 25 mg; Loxitane® Capsules 25 mg
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted