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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Ketoconazole

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Extina, Ketoconazole, Ketozole and 3 more.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
1
Pathogens at ≥40%
2 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Ketoconazole
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Adrenal gland disease
  • Blastomycosis
  • Cushing syndrome
  • Seborrheic dermatitis
  • Tinea
  • Tinea pedis

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Imidazole and triazole derivatives; Imidazole derivatives; Anticorticosteroids
FDA pharmacologic class
Azole Antifungal FDA label ↗
Anti-infective classification
Classified as another kind of anti-infective (for example an antifungal, antiviral or antiparasitic medicine).WHO ATC D01AC08; WHO ATC G01AF11; WHO ATC J02AB02; FDA class Azole Antifungal

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis and MRSA. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for these infections.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA63.6% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli33.4% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae27.2% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis81.2% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

  • M. tuberculosis: measured active in 1 of 1 lab record
Open Ketoconazole in ChEMBL Registered studies below
Show the 1 laboratory record, with sources

Loading records…

“Active” means the measured value reached this project’s laboratory cutoff (10 µM or stronger). A laboratory result does not show an effect in patients.

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-8.6 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-5.9 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-8.9 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-7.5 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Ketoconazole with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Ketoconazole With or Without Alendronate Sodium in Treating Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer

    NCT00019695 · start 1999-03

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00019695
    Conditions
    Stage IV Prostate Cancer; Bone Metastases; Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate; Recurrent Prostate Cancer
    Interventions
    alendronate sodium; ketoconazole
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    1999-03
    Completion
    2005-03
    Enrolment
    Not recorded

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionStage IV Prostate Cancer; Bone Metastases; Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate; Recurrent Prostate Cancer
    Interventionalendronate sodium; ketoconazole
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusTerminated

  • Combination Chemotherapy With Ketoconazole in Treating Patients With Prostate Cancer

    NCT00003084 · start 1997-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00003084
    Conditions
    Prostate Cancer
    Interventions
    Doxorubicin Hydrochloride; Estramustine phosphate sodium; Etoposide; Ketoconazole; Paclitaxel; Vinblastine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    1997-12
    Completion
    2002-11
    Enrolment
    75

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionProstate Cancer
    InterventionDoxorubicin Hydrochloride; Estramustine phosphate sodium; Etoposide; Ketoconazole +2 more
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study of Itraconazole in Preventing the Return of Histoplasmosis, a Fungal Infection, in Patients With AIDS

    NCT00000992

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00000992
    Conditions
    HIV Infections; Histoplasmosis
    Interventions
    Itraconazole
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    Not recorded
    Completion
    1992-06
    Enrolment
    30

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHIV Infections; Histoplasmosis
    InterventionItraconazole
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Comparison of Fluconazole and Ketoconazole in the Treatment of Fungal Infections of the Throat in Patients With Weakened Immune Systems

    NCT00002304

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00002304
    Conditions
    Candidiasis, Esophageal; HIV Infections
    Interventions
    Ketoconazole; Fluconazole
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    Not recorded
    Completion
    Not recorded
    Enrolment
    Not recorded

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCandidiasis, Esophageal; HIV Infections
    InterventionKetoconazole; Fluconazole
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Expanded Access Study of Fenretinide Lym-X-Sorb Plus Ketoconazole in Neuroblastoma

    NCT02075177

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02075177
    Conditions
    Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Neuroblastoma
    Interventions
    Fenretinide Lym-X-Sorb Oral Powder; Ketoconazole
    Study type
    EXPANDED_ACCESS
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    No longer available
    Start
    Not recorded
    Completion
    Not recorded
    Enrolment
    Not recorded

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionRecurrent Neuroblastoma; Neuroblastoma
    InterventionFenretinide Lym-X-Sorb Oral Powder; Ketoconazole
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusNo longer available