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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Probenecid

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Benemid, Probalan, Probenecid.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
0
Pathogens at ≥40%
1 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Probenecid
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Gout

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Preparations increasing uric acid excretion
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for this infection.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA14.4% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli18.1% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae6.7% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis60.7% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

No evidence found

No laboratory measurement against the four pathogens in the ChEMBL records loaded here.

Open Probenecid in ChEMBL Registered studies below

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-6.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-6.0 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-6.6 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-7.1 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Probenecid with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of PanCytoVir™ for the Treatment of Non-Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Infection

    NCT05442983 · start 2022-07-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05442983
    Conditions
    COVID-19
    Interventions
    PanCytoVir™ (probenecid); Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2022-07-12
    Completion
    2022-10-08
    Enrolment
    75

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCOVID-19
    InterventionPanCytoVir™ (probenecid); Placebo
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Effects of Rifampicin and Probenecid On The Pharmacokinetic Profile Of Rongliflozin In Healthy Subjects

    NCT05497674 · start 2022-02-21

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05497674
    Conditions
    Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Interventions
    Rongliflozin; Rifampin; Rongliflozin; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2022-02-21
    Completion
    2023-02-24
    Enrolment
    28

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionType 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    InterventionRongliflozin; Rifampin; Rongliflozin; Probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Medical Versus Surgical Treatment for Peritonsillar Abscesses

    NCT04998513 · start 2022-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04998513
    Conditions
    Peritonsillar Abscess; Surgical Incision
    Interventions
    Medical Management Alone Arm; Surgical Arm
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2022-01
    Completion
    2022-01
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPeritonsillar Abscess; Surgical Incision
    InterventionMedical Management Alone Arm; Surgical Arm
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • AV-101 Alone and in Combination With Probenecid in Healthy Subjects

    NCT05280054 · start 2021-12-23

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05280054
    Conditions
    Drug Drug Interaction
    Interventions
    AV-101; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2021-12-23
    Completion
    2022-11-01
    Enrolment
    24

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDrug Drug Interaction
    InterventionAV-101; Probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Addition of Probenecid to Penicillin-V Therapy

    NCT05082909 · start 2021-12-21

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05082909
    Conditions
    Infection, Bacterial
    Interventions
    Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1 / Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2021-12-21
    Completion
    2022-07-07
    Enrolment
    21

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionInfection, Bacterial
    InterventionProbenecid
    PhasePhase 1 / Phase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Sulopenem in Adolescents

    NCT04700787 · start 2021-04-30

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04700787
    Conditions
    Urinary Tract Infections; Pyelonephritis Acute; Intraabdominal Infections
    Interventions
    Sulopenem
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2021-04-30
    Completion
    2022-04-04
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionUrinary Tract Infections; Pyelonephritis Acute; Intraabdominal Infections
    InterventionSulopenem
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • Data Analysis for Drug Repurposing for Effective Alzheimer's Medicines - (DREAM) Probenecid vs Allopurinol

    NCT04746989 · start 2021-02-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04746989
    Conditions
    Gout
    Interventions
    Probenecid; Allopurinol
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2021-02-01
    Completion
    2023-12-31
    Enrolment
    294,878

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionGout
    InterventionProbenecid; Allopurinol
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study to Assess Pharmacokinetics of PF-04965842 and Its Metabolites and Effect of Probenecid in Healthy Participants

    NCT03937258 · start 2019-05-21

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03937258
    Conditions
    Healthy
    Interventions
    PF-04965842; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2019-05-21
    Completion
    2019-07-26
    Enrolment
    12

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy
    InterventionPF-04965842; Probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Sulopenem Versus Ertapenem for Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection (cIAI)

    NCT03358576 · start 2018-09-18

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03358576
    Conditions
    Intra Abdominal Infections
    Interventions
    Ertapenem; Sulopenem-Etzadroxil/Probenecid; Ciprofloxacin; Metronidazole; Amoxicillin-Clavulanate; Sulopenem
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-09-18
    Completion
    2019-10-02
    Enrolment
    674

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionIntra Abdominal Infections
    InterventionErtapenem; Sulopenem-Etzadroxil/Probenecid; Ciprofloxacin; Metronidazole +2 more
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Oral Sulopenem-etzadroxil/Probenecid Versus Ciprofloxacin for Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Adult Women

    NCT03354598 · start 2018-08-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03354598
    Conditions
    Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections
    Interventions
    Sulopenem-Etzadroxil/Probenecid; Ciprofloxacin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-08-01
    Completion
    2020-01-20
    Enrolment
    1,671

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionUncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections
    InterventionSulopenem-Etzadroxil/Probenecid; Ciprofloxacin
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Trial Investigating the Effect of Probenecid and Ciclosporin on the Concentrations of SNAC in Healthy Subjects

    NCT03466567 · start 2018-03-15

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03466567
    Conditions
    Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
    Interventions
    Semaglutide; Probenecid; Ciclosporin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-03-15
    Completion
    2018-07-10
    Enrolment
    21

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDiabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
    InterventionSemaglutide; Probenecid; Ciclosporin
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Study to Evaluate Effects of Probenecid, Rifampin and Verapamil on Bexagliflozin in Healthy Subjects

    NCT03296800 · start 2017-09-27

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03296800
    Conditions
    Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Interventions
    Bexagliflozin; Probenecid; Rifampin; Verapamil
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2017-09-27
    Completion
    2017-12-06
    Enrolment
    48

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionType 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    InterventionBexagliflozin; Probenecid; Rifampin; Verapamil
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Effect of the Organic Anion Transporter Inhibitor Probenecid on the Pharmacokinetics of JNJ-64041575 in Healthy Adults

    NCT03105986 · start 2017-04-05

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03105986
    Conditions
    Healthy
    Interventions
    JNJ-64041575; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2017-04-05
    Completion
    2017-06-16
    Enrolment
    18

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy
    InterventionJNJ-64041575; Probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Effect of Probenecid on Pexidartinib Pharmacokinetics

    NCT03138759 · start 2017-02-27

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03138759
    Conditions
    Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers
    Interventions
    Pexidartinib; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2017-02-27
    Completion
    2017-03-30
    Enrolment
    16

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers
    InterventionPexidartinib; Probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Effect of Probenecid on Synovial Fluid ATP Levels in CPPD

    NCT02243631 · start 2014-10-15

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02243631
    Conditions
    Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease
    Interventions
    Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Early phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2014-10-15
    Completion
    2021-04-08
    Enrolment
    8

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCalcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease
    InterventionProbenecid
    PhaseEarly phase 1
    Registry statusCompleted