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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Methotrexate

FDA-approved product (solution, subcutaneous), marketed as Jylamvo, Methotrexate, Otrexup and 15 more.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
22
Pathogens at ≥40%
3 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Methotrexate
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • Adenoma
  • Arthritis
  • B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • Breast cancer
  • Breast carcinoma
  • Breast neoplasm
  • Cancer
  • Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • Choriocarcinoma
  • Fungal infectious disease
  • Immune system disease
  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
  • Leptomeningeal metastasis
  • Lung cancer
  • Lymphoblastic lymphoma
  • and 8 more

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Folic acid analogues; Other immunosuppressants
FDA pharmacologic class
Folate Analog Metabolic Inhibitor FDA label ↗
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against E. coli, MRSA and M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for these infections.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA64.1% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli86.8% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.
  • K. pneumoniae27.8% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis68.1% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

  • E. coli: measured active in 21 of 22 lab records
Open Methotrexate in ChEMBL Registered studies below
Show the 22 laboratory records, with sources

Loading records…

“Active” means the measured value reached this project’s laboratory cutoff (10 µM or stronger). A laboratory result does not show an effect in patients.

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

Not yet docked: queued in the docking rundetails

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

Not yet docked: queued in the docking rundetails

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

Not yet docked: queued in the docking rundetails

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

Not yet docked: queued in the docking rundetails

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Methotrexate with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Utilization of a Microdevice for Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis

    NCT07352566 · start 2026-08-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07352566
    Conditions
    Psoriasis; Atopic Dermatitis
    Interventions
    In situ cutaneous microdevice; Triamcinolone; 5-Fluorouracil; Calcipotriene; Tapinarof; Crisaborole; Tacrolimus; Adalimumab; Etanercept; Certolizumab; Infliximab; Secukinumab; Ixekizumab; Apremilast; Risankizumab; Ustekinumab; Hydroxychloroquine; Methotrexate; Mycophenolate; Azathioprine; Chloroquine; Cyclosporine; Tofacitinib; Deucravacitinib; Dupilumab; Tralokinumab; Guselkumab; Tildrakizumab; Baractinib; Abrocitinib; Upadacitinib; Lebrikizumab; Nemolizumab; Ruxolitinib; Bimekizumab; Roflumilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-08-01
    Completion
    2030-06-01
    Enrolment
    10

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriasis; Atopic Dermatitis
    InterventionIn situ cutaneous microdevice; Triamcinolone; 5-Fluorouracil; Calcipotriene +32 more
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • The Value of Methotrexate in NCES for Stable Vitiligo

    NCT07352293 · start 2026-03-03

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07352293
    Conditions
    Vitiligo
    Interventions
    Non cultured epidermal suspension
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Active not recruiting
    Start
    2026-03-03
    Completion
    2026-09
    Enrolment
    20

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionVitiligo
    InterventionNon cultured epidermal suspension
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusActive not recruiting

  • A Study Using a Disease Registry to Observe the Long-term Effects of Nintedanib in People With Scleroderma-related Lung Fibrosis

    NCT07080125 · start 2025-06-17

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07080125
    Conditions
    Interstitial Lung Diseases; Systemic Sclerosis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
    Interventions
    Ofev®
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Active not recruiting
    Start
    2025-06-17
    Completion
    2033-12-31
    Enrolment
    2,000

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionInterstitial Lung Diseases; Systemic Sclerosis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
    InterventionOfev®
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusActive not recruiting

  • Newly-diagnosed Pediatric Ph-positive B-ALL Protocol

    NCT07152041 · start 2025-03-28

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07152041
    Conditions
    Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Philadelphia Chromosome-positive (Ph+); Childhood Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic
    Interventions
    olverembatinib
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2025-03-28
    Completion
    2030-06
    Enrolment
    150

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAcute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Philadelphia Chromosome-positive (Ph+); Childhood Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic
    Interventionolverembatinib
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Effectiveness and Safety of InO±DLI for Relapsed B-ALL/LBL After Allo-HSCT

    NCT06861348 · start 2025-03-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT06861348
    Conditions
    Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute
    Interventions
    Inotuzumab Ozogamicin±Donor Lymphocyte Infusion
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2025-03-01
    Completion
    2027-04-30
    Enrolment
    23

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionLeukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute
    InterventionInotuzumab Ozogamicin±Donor Lymphocyte Infusion
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • A Study of Dasatinib Plus Reduced Intensive Consolidation Chemotherapy in Ph+ Adult ALL

    NCT05026229 · start 2021-09-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05026229
    Conditions
    Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Philadelphia-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; ALL, Adult
    Interventions
    dasatinib plus consolidation chemotherapy with vincristine and prednisone; dasatinib plus consolidation chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate and cytarabine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2021-09-06
    Completion
    2023-06-30
    Enrolment
    60

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPrecursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Philadelphia-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; ALL, Adult
    Interventiondasatinib plus consolidation chemotherapy with vincristine and prednisone; dasatinib plus consolidation chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate and cytarabine
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusUnknown

  • RL-MPV Followed by BBC HCT Using Autologous Stem Cells and Maintenance Therapy With Nivolumab for Newly Diagnosed PCNSL

    NCT05425654 · start 2021-05-17

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05425654
    Conditions
    Primary CNS Lymphoma
    Interventions
    Rituximab, Methotrexate, Vincristine, Procarbazine, Lenalidomide
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2021-05-17
    Completion
    2026-05
    Enrolment
    30

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPrimary CNS Lymphoma
    InterventionRituximab, Methotrexate, Vincristine, Procarbazine, Lenalidomide
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Effect of Two Methotrexate in Sync With the First Adalimumab to Prevent the Immunisation Anti Ada in Spondyloarthritis

    NCT04360785 · start 2020-11-11

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04360785
    Conditions
    Spondyloarthritis
    Interventions
    Methotrexate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2020-11-11
    Completion
    2023-02-27
    Enrolment
    124

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionSpondyloarthritis
    InterventionMethotrexate
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Medical Treatment in Ectopic Tubal Pregnancy

    NCT05208034 · start 2020-01-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05208034
    Conditions
    Ectopic Pregnancy
    Interventions
    Methotrexate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2020-01-01
    Completion
    2021-07-30
    Enrolment
    100

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionEctopic Pregnancy
    InterventionMethotrexate
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • ASP-1929 Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) Study in Recurrent Head/Neck Cancer for Patients Who Have Failed at Least Two Lines of Therapy

    NCT03769506 · start 2019-05-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03769506
    Conditions
    Head and Neck Cancer
    Interventions
    ASP-1929 Photoimmunotherapy; Physician's Choice SOC
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Active not recruiting
    Start
    2019-05-09
    Completion
    2025-12
    Enrolment
    135

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHead and Neck Cancer
    InterventionASP-1929 Photoimmunotherapy; Physician's Choice SOC
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusActive not recruiting

  • Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Registry of Atopic Dermatitis Therapy

    NCT05674695 · start 2019-01-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05674695
    Conditions
    Dermatitis, Atopic
    Interventions
    Ciclosporin
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2019-01-01
    Completion
    2029-01-01
    Enrolment
    2,500

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDermatitis, Atopic
    InterventionCiclosporin
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Multicentre ObservatioNal Initiative in Treat to Target Outcomes in Psoriatic Arthritis

    NCT03531073 · start 2018-04-18

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03531073
    Conditions
    Psoriatic Arthritis
    Interventions
    Methotrexate
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-04-18
    Completion
    2024-12-31
    Enrolment
    446

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriatic Arthritis
    InterventionMethotrexate
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Effect of Methotrexate on Inflammatory Response in Adult Atopic Dermatitis Patients

    NCT03327116 · start 2017-11-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03327116
    Conditions
    Atopic Dermatitis
    Interventions
    Methotrexate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2017-11-01
    Completion
    2018-12-01
    Enrolment
    10

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAtopic Dermatitis
    InterventionMethotrexate
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study Comparing Upadacitinib (ABT-494) Monotherapy to Methotrexate (MTX) Monotherapy in Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Who Have an Inadequate Response to MTX (SELECT-MONOTHERAPY)

    NCT02706951 · start 2016-03-23

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02706951
    Conditions
    Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Interventions
    Methotrexate; Upadacitinib; Placebo Upadacitinib; Placebo Methotrexate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2016-03-23
    Completion
    2022-08-10
    Enrolment
    648

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionRheumatoid Arthritis
    InterventionMethotrexate; Upadacitinib; Placebo Upadacitinib; Placebo Methotrexate
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Transarterial Chemoperfusion: Cisplatin, Methotrexate, Gemcitabine for Unresectable Pleural Mesothelioma

    NCT02611037 · start 2016-03-04

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02611037
    Conditions
    Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma; Mesothelioma
    Interventions
    Cisplatin; Methotrexate; Gemcitabine; Lung Cancer Symptom Scale for Mesothelioma Questionnaire
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2016-03-04
    Completion
    2024-01-26
    Enrolment
    34

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionMalignant Pleural Mesothelioma; Mesothelioma
    InterventionCisplatin; Methotrexate; Gemcitabine; Lung Cancer Symptom Scale for Mesothelioma Questionnaire
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted