Skip to content
AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Probenecid

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Benemid, Probalan, Probenecid.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
0
Pathogens at ≥40%
1 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Probenecid
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Gout

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Preparations increasing uric acid excretion
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for this infection.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA14.4% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli18.1% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae6.7% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis60.7% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

No evidence found

No laboratory measurement against the four pathogens in the ChEMBL records loaded here.

Open Probenecid in ChEMBL Registered studies below

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-6.7 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-6.0 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-6.6 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-7.1 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Probenecid with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Enhancing Amoxicillin Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Parameters With Probenecid in Bone and Joint Infections

    NCT07764302 · start 2026-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07764302
    Conditions
    Osteoarticular Infections (OAIs)
    Interventions
    Oral probenecid added to oral amoxicillin for osteoarticular infections
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-12
    Completion
    2029-09
    Enrolment
    57

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionOsteoarticular Infections (OAIs)
    InterventionOral probenecid added to oral amoxicillin for osteoarticular infections
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Therapeutics for Moderate and Severe Dengue

    NCT07543458 · start 2026-10-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07543458
    Conditions
    Dengue; Severe Dengue; Mosquito-Borne Diseases; Vector Borne Diseases; Arbovirus Infections; Flavivirus Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Hemorrhagic Fever
    Interventions
    Placebo; Dexamethasone; N-Acetylcysteine; Standard of care; Baricitinib
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-10-01
    Completion
    2031-07-31
    Enrolment
    8,800

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDengue; Severe Dengue; Mosquito-Borne Diseases; Vector Borne Diseases +4 more
    InterventionPlacebo; Dexamethasone; N-Acetylcysteine; Standard of care +1 more
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Drug-drug Interactions Studies of VC005 Tablets in Healthy Adult Subjects

    NCT07796191 · start 2026-09-20

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07796191
    Conditions
    Healthy Adult Participants
    Interventions
    VC005 and verapamil; VC005 and probenecid; VC005 and metformin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-09-20
    Completion
    2026-11-30
    Enrolment
    84

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy Adult Participants
    InterventionVC005 and verapamil; VC005 and probenecid; VC005 and metformin
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • Pharmacokinetics of Sulopenem Etzadroxil Plus Probenecid in Adolescents

    NCT07092813 · start 2026-04

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07092813
    Conditions
    Pharmacokinetics After Oral Intake
    Interventions
    sulopenem etzadroxil and probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2026-04
    Completion
    2026-10
    Enrolment
    12

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPharmacokinetics After Oral Intake
    Interventionsulopenem etzadroxil and probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Efficacy of Probenecid on Cluster Seizures During Anti Seizure Medication Withdrawal in Presurgical Focal Epilepsy Video-EEG Monitoring

    NCT07318870 · start 2026-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07318870
    Conditions
    Focal Epilepsy
    Interventions
    Probenecid; Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Not yet recruiting
    Start
    2026-01
    Completion
    2029-02
    Enrolment
    600

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionFocal Epilepsy
    InterventionProbenecid; Placebo
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusNot yet recruiting

  • A Study to Learn About How the Study Medicines Called Itraconazole and Probenecid Change How the Body Processes PF-07220060

    NCT07160738 · start 2025-09-22

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT07160738
    Conditions
    Healthy Adults
    Interventions
    PF-07220060; Itraconazole; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2025-09-22
    Completion
    2025-12-22
    Enrolment
    25

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy Adults
    InterventionPF-07220060; Itraconazole; Probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study to Assess the Effect of Povorcitinib on Digoxin, Rosuvastatin, and Metformin Pharmacokinetics and the Effect of Probenecid on Povorcitinib Pharmacokinetics When Administered Orally to Healthy Adult Participants

    NCT06416800 · start 2024-06-19

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT06416800
    Conditions
    Healthy Participants
    Interventions
    Digoxin; Rosuvastatin; Metformin; Povorcitinib; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2024-06-19
    Completion
    2025-01-15
    Enrolment
    71

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy Participants
    InterventionDigoxin; Rosuvastatin; Metformin; Povorcitinib +1 more
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Improvement of Reproductive Function in Men With Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)

    NCT05903859 · start 2024-01-18

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05903859
    Conditions
    Infertility, Male
    Interventions
    Probenecid 500 Milligrams (mg); probenecid 250 Milligrams (mg); Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2024-01-18
    Completion
    2028-12-31
    Enrolment
    90

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionInfertility, Male
    InterventionProbenecid 500 Milligrams (mg); probenecid 250 Milligrams (mg); Placebo
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Novel Use of Probenecid to Alleviate Symptoms of Opioid Withdrawal

    NCT04939623 · start 2023-10-31

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04939623
    Conditions
    Chronic Pain; Drug Dependence of Morphine Type; Symptom, Withdrawal
    Interventions
    Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2023-10-31
    Completion
    2026-12-31
    Enrolment
    40

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionChronic Pain; Drug Dependence of Morphine Type; Symptom, Withdrawal
    InterventionProbenecid
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • Phase 1 Study of the Pharmacokinetics of Amoxicillin in Pregnancy

    NCT05309928 · start 2023-08-29

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05309928
    Conditions
    Pregnancy Related
    Interventions
    Amoxicillin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2023-08-29
    Completion
    2025-06-30
    Enrolment
    13

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPregnancy Related
    InterventionAmoxicillin
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Drug-durg Interaction of ZSP1273 With Digoxin, Rosuvastatin,Itraconazole and Probenecid

    NCT05954624 · start 2023-07-10

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05954624
    Conditions
    Drug Drug Interaction
    Interventions
    Digoxin; Rosuvastatin; ZSP1273; Itraconazole; Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2023-07-10
    Completion
    2023-11-30
    Enrolment
    49

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDrug Drug Interaction
    InterventionDigoxin; Rosuvastatin; ZSP1273; Itraconazole +1 more
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • The Drug-drug Interaction of HSK16149 Capsule With Probenecid Tablets or Cimetidine Tablets in Healthy Subjects

    NCT05881811 · start 2023-03-20

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05881811
    Conditions
    PHN - Post-Herpetic Neuritis
    Interventions
    HSK16149，probenecid, cimetidine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2023-03-20
    Completion
    2023-06-05
    Enrolment
    47

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPHN - Post-Herpetic Neuritis
    InterventionHSK16149，probenecid, cimetidine
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Oral Sulopenem Versus Amoxicillin/Clavulanate for Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Adult Women

    NCT05584657 · start 2022-10-18

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05584657
    Conditions
    Urinary Tract Infections; Cystitis
    Interventions
    Sulopenem etzadroxil/probenecid; Amoxicillin/clavulanate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2022-10-18
    Completion
    2023-11-21
    Enrolment
    2,229

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionUrinary Tract Infections; Cystitis
    InterventionSulopenem etzadroxil/probenecid; Amoxicillin/clavulanate
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Study of AT-527 in Subjects With Normal and Impaired Renal Function

    NCT05618314 · start 2022-10-17

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05618314
    Conditions
    Healthy Volunteer; Renal Impairment
    Interventions
    AT-527; AT-527; AT-527 and Probenecid
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2022-10-17
    Completion
    2024-06-15
    Enrolment
    36

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy Volunteer; Renal Impairment
    InterventionAT-527; AT-527; AT-527 and Probenecid
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Probenecid (PB) to Treat Hereditary Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI), ADPKD Treated With Tolvaptan, and Severely Polyuric Patients With Previous Lithium Administration

    NCT05190744 · start 2022-09-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05190744
    Conditions
    Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease; Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus; Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus; Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
    Interventions
    PB
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2022-09-01
    Completion
    2025-12-08
    Enrolment
    36

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAutosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease; Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus; Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus; Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
    InterventionPB
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted