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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Apremilast

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Apremilast, Otezla, Otezla Xr.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
0
Pathogens at ≥40%
1 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Apremilast
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Behcet's syndrome
  • Immune system disease
  • Oral ulcer
  • Psoriasis
  • Psoriasis vulgaris
  • Psoriatic arthritis
  • Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Selective immunosuppressants
FDA pharmacologic class
Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor FDA label ↗
Anti-infective classification
Not classified as an anti-infective.

Repurposing investigation

This medicine is being investigated here for AI-predicted antimicrobial activity against M. tuberculosis. It was surfaced computationally for further investigation; it is not an established treatment for this infection.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA36.5% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli35.5% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae26.1% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis60.0% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

No evidence found

No laboratory measurement against the four pathogens in the ChEMBL records loaded here.

Open Apremilast in ChEMBL Registered studies below

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-6.9 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-7.4 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-6.8 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-7.8 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Apremilast with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Apremilast for Erythema Multiforme

    NCT05875714 · start 2022-01-13

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05875714
    Conditions
    Erythema Multiforme
    Interventions
    Apremilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2022-01-13
    Completion
    2024-12-31
    Enrolment
    6

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionErythema Multiforme
    InterventionApremilast
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Apremilast Pediatric Study in Children With Active Oral Ulcers Associated With Behçet's Disease

    NCT04528082 · start 2021-09-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04528082
    Conditions
    Behçet Disease
    Interventions
    Apremilast; Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Recruiting
    Start
    2021-09-09
    Completion
    2030-12-17
    Enrolment
    60

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionBehçet Disease
    InterventionApremilast; Placebo
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusRecruiting

  • A Study to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Deucravacitinib Compared With Placebo in Participants With Active Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Who Are Naïve to Biologic Disease Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs or Had Previously Received TNFα Inhibitor Treatment

    NCT04908189 · start 2021-07-15

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04908189
    Conditions
    Psoriatic Arthritis
    Interventions
    Deucravacitinib; Placebo; Apremilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Active not recruiting
    Start
    2021-07-15
    Completion
    2026-11-12
    Enrolment
    729

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriatic Arthritis
    InterventionDeucravacitinib; Placebo; Apremilast
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusActive not recruiting

  • Treatment Effectiveness Among Psoriasis Patients Treated With Cosentyx (Secukinumab)

    NCT05320159 · start 2021-02-03

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT05320159
    Conditions
    Psoriasis
    Interventions
    Secukinumab
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2021-02-03
    Completion
    2021-03-31
    Enrolment
    17,743

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriasis
    InterventionSecukinumab
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Study of Multiple Candidate Agents for the Treatment of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients

    NCT04590586 · start 2020-11-24

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04590586
    Conditions
    COVID-19
    Interventions
    Standard of care; Apremilast; Apremilast placebo; Lanadelumab; Lanadelumab placebo; Zilucoplan; Zilucoplan placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2020-11-24
    Completion
    2021-08-03
    Enrolment
    515

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCOVID-19
    InterventionStandard of care; Apremilast; Apremilast placebo; Lanadelumab +3 more
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • I-SPY COVID-19 TRIAL: An Adaptive Platform Trial for Critically Ill Patients

    NCT04488081 · start 2020-07-31

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04488081
    Conditions
    COVID-19
    Interventions
    Remdesivir; Imatinib Mesylate; Dexamethasone; Cenicriviroc; Icatibant; Apremilast; dornase alfa; Celecoxib; Famotidine; IC14; Aviptadil; narsoplimab; Cyproheptadine; Cyclosporine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Active not recruiting
    Start
    2020-07-31
    Completion
    2030-07-31
    Enrolment
    1,500

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCOVID-19
    InterventionRemdesivir; Imatinib Mesylate; Dexamethasone; Cenicriviroc +10 more
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusActive not recruiting

  • The Maintenance Effect of Enstilar Foam in Combination With Otezla

    NCT04555707 · start 2020-06-24

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04555707
    Conditions
    Psoriasis
    Interventions
    Apremilast 30mg; calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2020-06-24
    Completion
    2021-09-30
    Enrolment
    30

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriasis
    InterventionApremilast 30mg; calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusUnknown

  • A Long-term Extension Study of Apremilast (CC-10004) in Pediatric Subjects From 6 Through 17 Years of Age With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis

    NCT04175613 · start 2019-12-20

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04175613
    Conditions
    Psoriasis
    Interventions
    Apremilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2019-12-20
    Completion
    2025-12-12
    Enrolment
    160

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriasis
    InterventionApremilast
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study to Evaluate the Impact of Apremilast on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Outcomes in Adults With Psoriatic Arthritis

    NCT03783026 · start 2019-02-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03783026
    Conditions
    Psoriatic Arthritis
    Interventions
    Apremilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2019-02-06
    Completion
    2022-05-11
    Enrolment
    123

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriatic Arthritis
    InterventionApremilast
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability Study of Apremilast to Treat Early Oligoarticular Psoriatic Arthritis.

    NCT03747939 · start 2018-12-31

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03747939
    Conditions
    Arthritis, Psoriatic
    Interventions
    Apremilast (CC-10004); Apremilast (CC-10004) Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-12-31
    Completion
    2023-07-05
    Enrolment
    310

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionArthritis, Psoriatic
    InterventionApremilast (CC-10004); Apremilast (CC-10004) Placebo
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Efficacy and Safety Study of Apremilast (CC-10004) in Pediatric Subjects From 6 Through 17 Years of Age With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis

    NCT03701763 · start 2018-12-19

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03701763
    Conditions
    Psoriasis
    Interventions
    Apremilast (CC-10004); Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-12-19
    Completion
    2023-03-27
    Enrolment
    245

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriasis
    InterventionApremilast (CC-10004); Placebo
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Apremilast in Patients With Moderate to Severe Palmoplantar Pustulosis (PPP) (APLANTUS)

    NCT04572997 · start 2018-11-29

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04572997
    Conditions
    Palmoplantar Pustulosis
    Interventions
    Apremilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-11-29
    Completion
    2019-08-29
    Enrolment
    21

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPalmoplantar Pustulosis
    InterventionApremilast
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Apremilast in the Treatment of Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA)

    NCT03521687 · start 2018-11-15

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03521687
    Conditions
    Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia
    Interventions
    Apremilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-11-15
    Completion
    2021-02-12
    Enrolment
    20

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCentral Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia
    InterventionApremilast
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • An Investigational Study to Evaluate Experimental Medication BMS-986165 Compared to Placebo and a Currently Available Treatment in Participants With Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis

    NCT03611751 · start 2018-07-26

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03611751
    Conditions
    Psoriasis
    Interventions
    BMS-986165; Placebo; Apremilast
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-07-26
    Completion
    2020-11-30
    Enrolment
    1,020

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriasis
    InterventionBMS-986165; Placebo; Apremilast
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Apremilast Treatment for Pruritus and Quality of Life in Scalp Psoriasis

    NCT03553433 · start 2018-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03553433
    Conditions
    Psoriasis of Scalp; Psoriasis Vulgaris
    Interventions
    Apremilast 30mg; Placebo Oral Tablet
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2018-06
    Completion
    2020-06
    Enrolment
    90

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPsoriasis of Scalp; Psoriasis Vulgaris
    InterventionApremilast 30mg; Placebo Oral Tablet
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusUnknown