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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Penicillin G Sodium

FDA-approved product (injectable, injection), marketed as Bicillin, Bicillin L-A, Permapen and 14 more.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
18
Pathogens at ≥40%
2 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Penicillin G Sodium
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Bacterial disease
  • Eye infection
  • Infection

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels. Label ↗

WHO therapeutic group
Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins; Antibiotics
Anti-infective classification
Classified as an existing antimicrobial.WHO ATC J01CE01; WHO ATC J01CE08; WHO ATC J01CE09; WHO ATC S01AA14

Repurposing investigation

Penicillin G Sodium is already an antimicrobial, so it is not counted among the repurposing candidates. Its AI-predicted activity is shown below for reference.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA76.3% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.
  • E. coli52.8% AI-predicted activityAt or above the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.
  • K. pneumoniae5.0% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates. This medicine was in the model's training data, so this is recall, not a new prediction.
  • M. tuberculosis27.6% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

  • MRSA: measured active in 6 of 10 lab records
  • E. coli: measured active in 2 of 4 lab records
  • K. pneumoniae: measured active in 0 of 4 lab records
Open Penicillin G Sodium in ChEMBL Registered studies below
Show the 18 laboratory records, with sources

Loading records…

“Active” means the measured value reached this project’s laboratory cutoff (10 µM or stronger). A laboratory result does not show an effect in patients.

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-7.2 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-8.3 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

Not yet docked: queued in the docking rundetails

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-7.8 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Penicillin G Sodium with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Computer-based Dosage Calculation for Antibiotics

    NCT03036826 · start 2019-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03036826
    Conditions
    Acute Kidney Insufficiency; Anti-Infective Agent Toxicity
    Interventions
    Piperacillin/tazobactam; Meropenem
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2019-06
    Completion
    2021-12
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAcute Kidney Insufficiency; Anti-Infective Agent Toxicity
    InterventionPiperacillin/tazobactam; Meropenem
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • A Study of Benzathine Benzylpenicillin Intramuscular Injection in Japanese Healthy Subjects

    NCT03612557 · start 2018-08-20

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03612557
    Conditions
    Healthy
    Interventions
    penicillin G benzathine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-08-20
    Completion
    2018-10-02
    Enrolment
    8

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy
    Interventionpenicillin G benzathine
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study of Meropenem-Vaborbactam Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Participants With Hospital-Acquired and Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia

    NCT03006679 · start 2018-08

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03006679
    Conditions
    Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia; Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia; Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
    Interventions
    Meropenem-Vaborbactam; Piperacillin/Tazobactam
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2018-08
    Completion
    2020-12
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia; Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia; Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
    InterventionMeropenem-Vaborbactam; Piperacillin/Tazobactam
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • RCT of Efficacy of Amoxicillin Over Ampicillin on Severe Pneumonia

    NCT03369093 · start 2018-01-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03369093
    Conditions
    Treatment Failure; Lethargy; Altered Mental Status; Convulsion, Non-Epileptic; Hypoxia; Feeding; Difficult, Newborn
    Interventions
    Amoxicillin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2018-01-01
    Completion
    2019-12-31
    Enrolment
    308

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionTreatment Failure; Lethargy; Altered Mental Status; Convulsion, Non-Epileptic +3 more
    InterventionAmoxicillin
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Continuous Infusion of Beta-lactam Antibiotics in Patients With Bacteraemia

    NCT03108690 · start 2017-10-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03108690
    Conditions
    Bacteremia
    Interventions
    Continuous infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics .; Therapeutic drug monitoring of beta-lactam antibiotics.
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Withdrawn
    Start
    2017-10-01
    Completion
    2023-03-09
    Enrolment
    0

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionBacteremia
    InterventionContinuous infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics .; Therapeutic drug monitoring of beta-lactam antibiotics.
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusWithdrawn

  • Helicobacter Pylori Eradication in Functional Dyspepsia

    NCT04697641 · start 2017-09-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT04697641
    Conditions
    Dyspepsia; Helicobacter Pylori Infection
    Interventions
    Clarithromycin 500mg; Amoxicillin 1000 MG; Pantoprazole 40mg; Levosulpiride; Acotiamide; Itopride
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2017-09-01
    Completion
    2019-05-31
    Enrolment
    202

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionDyspepsia; Helicobacter Pylori Infection
    InterventionClarithromycin 500mg; Amoxicillin 1000 MG; Pantoprazole 40mg; Levosulpiride +2 more
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Penicillin Allergy De-Labelling in Elective Surgical Patients (PADLES)

    NCT03607734 · start 2017-04-24

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03607734
    Conditions
    Allergy
    Interventions
    Amoxicillin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2017-04-24
    Completion
    2017-10-02
    Enrolment
    150

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAllergy
    InterventionAmoxicillin
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Tailored H. Pylori Eradication Based on Clarithromycin Resistance

    NCT03884348 · start 2017-01-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03884348
    Conditions
    Helicobacter Pylori Infection; Antibiotic Resistant Strain
    Interventions
    proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, clarithromycin; proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, metronidazole
    Study type
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Phase
    Not recorded
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2017-01-01
    Completion
    2018-12-31
    Enrolment
    431

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHelicobacter Pylori Infection; Antibiotic Resistant Strain
    Interventionproton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, clarithromycin; proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, metronidazole
    PhaseNot recorded
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Early Stoppage Versus Continuation of Antimicrobial Therapy in Low Risk Pediatric Cancer Patients With Febrile Neutropenia, Before Recovery of Counts: -DALFEN Study

    NCT03003273 · start 2017-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03003273
    Conditions
    Neutropenia, Febrile; Pediatric Cancer
    Interventions
    stoppage of antibiotics; amoxycillin/clavulanic acid; levofloxacin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2017-01
    Completion
    2018-12
    Enrolment
    142

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionNeutropenia, Febrile; Pediatric Cancer
    Interventionstoppage of antibiotics; amoxycillin/clavulanic acid; levofloxacin
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusTerminated

  • Helicobacter Pylori Eradication Study

    NCT03130452 · start 2016-12-17

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT03130452
    Conditions
    Helicobacter Pylori Infection
    Interventions
    Lansoprazole 30mg; Amoxicillin 1.0g Tab; Clarithromycin 500mg; Metronidazole 500 mg
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2016-12-17
    Completion
    2019-05-31
    Enrolment
    423

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHelicobacter Pylori Infection
    InterventionLansoprazole 30mg; Amoxicillin 1.0g Tab; Clarithromycin 500mg; Metronidazole 500 mg
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Initial Non-operative Treatment Strategy Versus Appendectomy Treatment Strategy for Simple Appendicitis in Children

    NCT02848820 · start 2016-12

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02848820
    Conditions
    Appendicitis
    Interventions
    Augmentin + Gentamicin; Appendectomy
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2016-12
    Completion
    2024-12
    Enrolment
    302

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAppendicitis
    InterventionAugmentin + Gentamicin; Appendectomy
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Safety and Efficacy of Solithromycin in Adolescents and Children With Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

    NCT02605122 · start 2016-04

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02605122
    Conditions
    Community-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
    Interventions
    Solithromycin; Standard of Care
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2 / Phase 3
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2016-04
    Completion
    2018-03-21
    Enrolment
    97

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionCommunity-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
    InterventionSolithromycin; Standard of Care
    PhasePhase 2 / Phase 3
    Registry statusTerminated

  • The Pilot Study on Tailored Eradication Therapy According to Clarithromycin Resistance in H.Pylori Patients

    NCT02648659 · start 2016-03-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02648659
    Conditions
    Peptic Ulcer
    Interventions
    Ilaprazole; Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Metronidazole
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2016-03-02
    Completion
    2017-02-14
    Enrolment
    50

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPeptic Ulcer
    InterventionIlaprazole; Amoxicillin; Clarithromycin; Metronidazole
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Efficacy of Antibiotic Therapy in Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis Treated With Prednisolone

    NCT02281929 · start 2015-06-13

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02281929
    Conditions
    Alcoholic Hepatitis; Alcoholic Liver Disease
    Interventions
    Amoxicillin; Placebo; Prednisolone
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2015-06-13
    Completion
    2019-11-19
    Enrolment
    297

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAlcoholic Hepatitis; Alcoholic Liver Disease
    InterventionAmoxicillin; Placebo; Prednisolone
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Preschool Wheeze: Inflammation/Infection Guided Management

    NCT02517099 · start 2015-06-05

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02517099
    Conditions
    Asthma
    Interventions
    Beclometasone; Co-amoxiclav; Azithromycin
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2015-06-05
    Completion
    2018-08-17
    Enrolment
    60

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionAsthma
    InterventionBeclometasone; Co-amoxiclav; Azithromycin
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted