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AMR Drug RepurposingSmart Screeningresearch prototype

Zalcitabine

FDA-approved product (tablet, oral), marketed as Hivid.

Registered studies
50+
Lab records
0
Pathogens at ≥40%
0 of 4

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of Zalcitabine
A drawing shows what the molecule is, not what it does.

Existing / approved use

Documented · FDA, WHO, ChEMBL

Approved for

  • Viral disease

Indications ChEMBL records as approved, from FDA and DailyMed labels.

WHO therapeutic group
Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Anti-infective classification
Classified as another kind of anti-infective (for example an antifungal, antiviral or antiparasitic medicine).WHO ATC J05AF03

Repurposing investigation

No supported pathogen reaches ≥40% AI-predicted activity for Zalcitabine, so it is not among the repurposing candidates. Its predictions are shown below.

AI-predicted activity

AI prediction · nothing measured
  • MRSA22.0% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • E. coli25.6% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • K. pneumoniae16.2% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.
  • M. tuberculosis31.6% AI-predicted activityBelow the ≥40% mark this site uses to surface candidates.

A model’s estimate of laboratory activity against each pathogen species. It is not clinical effectiveness.

Evidence

Clinical and experimental

Documented evidence

Clinical

50+registered studies name this medicine, for any condition. The registry search keeps the first 50, so there may be more. See them below.

Experimental

No evidence found

No laboratory measurement against the four pathogens in the ChEMBL records loaded here.

Open Zalcitabine in ChEMBL Registered studies below

Docking

Computational · nothing measured

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (E. coli)

-6.5 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

KPC-2 carbapenemase ↗ (K. pneumoniae)

-7.2 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) ↗ (M. tuberculosis)

-6.6 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

Dihydrofolate reductase ↗ (MRSA)

-6.4 kcal/mol

0better fit →-12

AutoDock Vina, one experimentally solved protein per pathogen. This project’s screening target is -7.0 kcal/mol, its own mark rather than a universal cutoff. A docking score is a structural hypothesis, not proof of binding, and requires experimental validation.

Other medicines to investigate

AI prediction · nothing measured

Other repurposing candidates: approved medicines besides Zalcitabine with AI-predicted activity ≥40% against the chosen pathogen, leaving out existing antimicrobials. They are computational candidates for further investigation, not alternatives and not recommendations.

Sorted by AI-predicted activity, high to low. The order is not a ranking of which medicine is better.

Registered studies

A registration describes a study; it does not establish a positive result.

  • Simplification From Tenofovir Plus Lamivudine or Emtricitabine Plus Ritonavir-Boosted-Protease Inhibitor to Ritonavir-Boosted-Atazanavir Plus Lamivudine in Virologically-Suppressed-HIVInfected Adults With Osteopenia

    NCT02652793 · start 2015-11

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02652793
    Conditions
    Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    Interventions
    Boosted atazanavir; Lamivudine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Not applicable
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2015-11
    Completion
    2018-11
    Enrolment
    31

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHuman Immunodeficiency Virus
    InterventionBoosted atazanavir; Lamivudine
    PhaseNot applicable
    Registry statusCompleted

  • IMPAACT P1092: Steady State PK in Malnourished HIV Infected Children

    NCT01818258 · start 2015-10-26

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01818258
    Conditions
    HIV Positive; Malnourished
    Interventions
    ZDV+3TC+LPV/r
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2015-10-26
    Completion
    2017-09-29
    Enrolment
    52

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHIV Positive; Malnourished
    InterventionZDV+3TC+LPV/r
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Study to Evaluate Darunavir/Ritonavir + Lamivudine Versus Continuing With Darunavir/Ritonavir + Tenofovir/Emtricitabine or Abacavir/Lamivudine in HIV Infected Subject

    NCT02159599 · start 2014-07

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02159599
    Conditions
    HIV Infection
    Interventions
    Darunavir/Ritonavir; Lamivudine; Emtricitabine/tenofovir or abacavir/lamivudine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2014-07
    Completion
    2016-04
    Enrolment
    249

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHIV Infection
    InterventionDarunavir/Ritonavir; Lamivudine; Emtricitabine/tenofovir or abacavir/lamivudine
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Renal Function Improvement in HBsAg Positive Kidney Transplantation Patients Under Telbivudine Treatment.

    NCT02894554 · start 2014-07

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02894554
    Conditions
    HBsAg-positive Renal Allograft Recipients
    Interventions
    Telbivudine; Lamivudine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Terminated
    Start
    2014-07
    Completion
    2015-07
    Enrolment
    19

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHBsAg-positive Renal Allograft Recipients
    InterventionTelbivudine; Lamivudine
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusTerminated

  • A Study of Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2A in Combination With Lamivudine or Entecavir Compared With Untreated Control Group in Children With Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg)-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) in the Immune-Tolerant Phase

    NCT02263079 · start 2014-06-16

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT02263079
    Conditions
    Pediatric Immuno-Tolerant Chronic Hepatitis B
    Interventions
    Entecavir; Lamivudine; Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2A
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2014-06-16
    Completion
    2020-01-29
    Enrolment
    62

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionPediatric Immuno-Tolerant Chronic Hepatitis B
    InterventionEntecavir; Lamivudine; Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2A
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Telbivudine Renoprotective Effect in Patients With HBV-related Liver Cirrhosis

    NCT01693679 · start 2012-09

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01693679
    Conditions
    HBV-related Liver Cirrhosis
    Interventions
    Telbivudine, Lamivudine, Adefovir ,Enecavir
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2012-09
    Completion
    Not recorded
    Enrolment
    120

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHBV-related Liver Cirrhosis
    InterventionTelbivudine, Lamivudine, Adefovir ,Enecavir
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Relative Bioavailability Study of Two New Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine Fixed Dose Combination Tablets

    NCT01366547 · start 2011-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01366547
    Conditions
    Healthy Subjects; Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    Interventions
    Dolutegravir 50 mg/abacavir 600 mg/lamivudine 300 mg; Dolutegravir 50 mg; abacavir 600 mg/lamivudine 300 mg
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 1
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2011-06
    Completion
    2011-07
    Enrolment
    18

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHealthy Subjects; Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    InterventionDolutegravir 50 mg/abacavir 600 mg/lamivudine 300 mg; Dolutegravir 50 mg; abacavir 600 mg/lamivudine 300 mg
    PhasePhase 1
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Tolerability, and Antiviral Activity of Rilpivirine (TMC278) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Adolescents and Children Aged Greater Than or Equal to 6 Years

    NCT00799864 · start 2011-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00799864
    Conditions
    HIV-1
    Interventions
    Rilpivirine; Zidovudine; Abacavir; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; Lamivudine; Emtricitabine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2011-01
    Completion
    2022-08
    Enrolment
    54

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHIV-1
    InterventionRilpivirine; Zidovudine; Abacavir; Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate +2 more
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study of Raltegravir and Atazanavir in a Once Daily Dose Regimen in HIV-1 Infected Patients

    NCT00943540 · start 2009-07

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00943540
    Conditions
    HIV Infection; HIV Infections
    Interventions
    raltegravir QD; atazanavir; lamivudine (or emtricitabine)
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 2
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2009-07
    Completion
    2011-01
    Enrolment
    20

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHIV Infection; HIV Infections
    Interventionraltegravir QD; atazanavir; lamivudine (or emtricitabine)
    PhasePhase 2
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Nucleoside Analogue Prevent Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

    NCT01788371 · start 2009-03

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT01788371
    Conditions
    Hepatitis B Infection; Chronic Infection; Viremia
    Interventions
    Telbivudine; Lamivudine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2009-03
    Completion
    2013-07
    Enrolment
    700

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHepatitis B Infection; Chronic Infection; Viremia
    InterventionTelbivudine; Lamivudine
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • KIVEXA Vs TRUVADA, Both Administered With Efavirenz, In ART-Naive Subjects

    NCT00549198 · start 2007-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00549198
    Conditions
    Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus I; HIV Infection
    Interventions
    Abacavir/lamivudine and efavirenz; Tenofovir/Emtricitabine and efavirenz
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2007-06
    Completion
    2009-12
    Enrolment
    392

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionInfection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus I; HIV Infection
    InterventionAbacavir/lamivudine and efavirenz; Tenofovir/Emtricitabine and efavirenz
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • A Study in Korea of Entecavir Versus Lamivudine in Adults With Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

    NCT00393484 · start 2007-02

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00393484
    Conditions
    Chronic Hepatitis B
    Interventions
    Entecavir; Lamivudine Placebo; Lamivudine; Entecavir Placebo
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2007-02
    Completion
    2013-09
    Enrolment
    122

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionChronic Hepatitis B
    InterventionEntecavir; Lamivudine Placebo; Lamivudine; Entecavir Placebo
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Safety and Efficacy of Two Once Daily Anti Retroviral Treatment Regimens Along With Anti-tuberculosis Treatment

    NCT00332306 · start 2006-06

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00332306
    Conditions
    Tuberculosis; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections
    Interventions
    Didanosine, Lamivudine, Efavirenz; Didanosine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Unknown
    Start
    2006-06
    Completion
    2011-12
    Enrolment
    180

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionTuberculosis; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections
    InterventionDidanosine, Lamivudine, Efavirenz; Didanosine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusUnknown

  • Three Generic Nevirapine-Based Antiretroviral Treatments in Chinese Patients:Multicentric Observation Cohort

    NCT00618176 · start 2005-01

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00618176
    Conditions
    HIV Infections
    Interventions
    Zidovudine (AZT)+ Didanosine (ddI)+ Nevirapine (NVP); Stavudine (d4T), Lamivudine (3TC), Nevirapine (NVP); Zidovudine (AZT), Lamivudine (3TC), Nevirapine (NVP)
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 4
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2005-01
    Completion
    Not recorded
    Enrolment
    198

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHIV Infections
    InterventionZidovudine (AZT)+ Didanosine (ddI)+ Nevirapine (NVP); Stavudine (d4T), Lamivudine (3TC), Nevirapine (NVP); Zidovudine (AZT), Lamivudine (3TC), Nevirapine (NVP)
    PhasePhase 4
    Registry statusCompleted

  • Trial of Maraviroc (UK-427,857) in Combination With Zidovudine/Lamivudine Versus Efavirenz in Combination With Zidovudine/Lamivudine

    NCT00098293 · start 2004-11

    Registered record
    Registry ID
    NCT00098293
    Conditions
    HIV-1
    Interventions
    Maraviroc + Zidovudine/Lamivudine; Efavirenz + Zidovudine/Lamivudine; Maraviroc (UK-427,857) + Zidovudine/Lamivudine
    Study type
    INTERVENTIONAL
    Phase
    Phase 3
    Registry status
    Completed
    Start
    2004-11
    Completion
    2012-12
    Enrolment
    916

    As stored from ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration describes a study; it does not mean the study worked.

    ConditionHIV-1
    InterventionMaraviroc + Zidovudine/Lamivudine; Efavirenz + Zidovudine/Lamivudine; Maraviroc (UK-427,857) + Zidovudine/Lamivudine
    PhasePhase 3
    Registry statusCompleted